MLA论文格式要求及写作技巧
第二部分:参考文献著录 Works cited or Bibliography
MLA格式(Documenting List of Sources: MLA Style)
正文引用文献须按MLA要求,著录在Works Cited或者Bibliography之下,在正文最后一章结束后另页开始,页码与正文相连。文献著录必须按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列,不得以正文中出现的先后编码排序,不得使用阿拉伯数字。每一条目中的各项内容都必须按MLA规定的次序和格式编排。
参考文献的字体与正文相同,条目间距为1.5倍行间距,另行缩进5个字符间距。
Ⅰ.每个参考文献一般有三个部分组成,依次是:作者姓,逗号,名,黑点,书名(斜体,如有副标题加冒号,文章名用引号),黑点,出版地,冒号,出版商,出版年。
e.g Feldman, Paula R. ed. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1997.
(Note: In a MLA style, always give the author’s name as it appears on the title page. Never abbreviate a name given in full. Only use initials if the title page does.以书名上所给名字为准 )
Borroff, Marie. trans. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. New York: Norton, 1967.
Eggins, Suzanne, and Diane Slade. Analyzing Casual Conversation. London: Cassell, 1997. (Note: Reverse the first author’s name only,当有两个作者是,只把第一位作者的姓,名倒置)
Brownell, Hiram H., and Heather H. Potter. “Inference Deficits in Right-Brain Damaged Patients.” Brain and Language 27 (1986): 310-21.
Gilman, Sander, et al.(两个以上作者) Hysteria beyond Freund. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. (Note: When there are more than three names, name only the first and add et al., or give all names in full in the order in which they appear on the tile page.)
Ⅱ引用各类文献中的文章
1.书评、影评、电视节目评论等(Review)
Kidd, John. “The Scandal of Ulysses.” Rev. of Ulysses: The Corrected Text, by Hans Walter Gabler. New York Review of Books 30 June 1988: 32-39.
2.收集在书籍中的文章(Selection from an edited book)
Glover, David. “The Stuff That Dreams Are Made Of: Masculinity, Femininity, and the Thriller.” Gender, Genre and Narrative Pleasure. Ed. Derek Longhurst. London: Unwin Hyman, 1989. 67-83.
3.杂志中的文章
Miller, Mark Crispen. “Massa, Come Home.” New Republic 16 Sept. 1981: 29-32.
4.百科全书中的文章(An entry in an encyclopedia)
Mohanty, Jitendra M. “Indian Philosophy.” The New Encyclopaedia Britannica: Macropaedia. 15th ed. 1987.
5.研究报告
Flower, Linda. The Role of Task Representation in Reading to Write. Technical Report No. 6. Berkeley: Center for the Study of Writing at U of California, Berkeley and Carnegie Mellon U, 1987.
6.翻译的书籍(Translated book)
Lacan, Jacques. Ecrits: A Selection. Trans. Alan Sheridan. New York: Norton, 1977.
7.硕博士论文(Dissertation)
Hubert, Henry Allan. “The Development of English Studies in Nineteenth-Century Anglo- Canadian Colleges.” Diss. U of British Columbia, 1988.
8.学术会议上的报告(Conference paper)
Moffett, James. “Censorship and Spiritual Education.” The Right to Literacy Conference. Columbus, Ohio, September 1988.
9.电视广播节目和系列报道(A Radio/Television Broadcast/Series)
“Monkey Trial.” American Experience. PBS. WGBH, Boston. 18 Mar. 2003.
Ⅲ 著录汉语著作和文章
如果在英文撰写的论文中引用中文著作或者期刊,括号夹注中只需用汉语拼音标明作者的姓氏,参考文献著录的条目必须按作者姓氏汉语拼音的字母顺序排列。例如:
Zhang, Zhijian. [张志健],严复思想研究. 桂林:广西师大出版社,1989
Yu, Yongding. [余永定],财政稳定问题研究的一个理论框架. 世界经济2005,(7):25-29
Wang, Mingliang. [王明亮],关于中国学术期刊标准数据库系统工程的进展[EB/OL]. http://www.cajcd.edu.cn,1998-08-16/1999-10-04
注意:这里最后是一个著录网络上汉语出版物的例子,其中“1998-08-16”为网页发表或更新的日期,“1999-10-04”为引用日期。